PVPP CAS 25249-54-1, Cross linked Polyvinylpyrrolidone CTFA Name: Crosslinked Polyvinylpyrrolidone, white or nearly white, hygroscopic and flowable powder, odorless or slightly odorous, insoluble in water, alkali, acid and common organic solvents, with strong expansion performance and complexing ability with various substances.

1. General properties and solubility

PVPP is supplied in white or slightly white powder, with slight special smell, basically tasteless, and insoluble in water and various organic solvents.

2. Hygroscopicity

The water absorption of PVPP increased with the increase of relative humidity.

3. Low gel formation

The formation of gel inhibits the penetration of water into the tablet and slows the disintegration of the tablet. In contrast to other disintegrants, PVPP has no tendency to form gel due to its insolubility.

4. Complexation and solubilization

PVPP can form complex with many medicines and other substances. Its formation process is reversible and will not be formed in alkaline medium. It is easier to form complexes with aromatic compounds containing phenyl and/or carboxyl groups. Therefore, in the pharmaceutical industry, it can improve the solubility and bioavailability of medicine, improve the taste of paracetamol, and adsorb polyphenols and tannins from tinctures and herbs. It has the effect of resisting diarrhea, gastritis, ulcer, esophageal fissure cancer, etc.

5. Good phase compatibility

PVPP and a variety of organic and inorganic pharmaceutical excipients and active ingredients have very good compatibility. Solid drugs containing PVPP tablet disintegrants can be easily produced using commonly used tablet production technologies, including direct tablet pressing, spray, drying and wet granulation.

6. Compressibility and adhesion

PVPP has excellent fluidity and plastic deformation, so they have excellent adhesion. This property gives good compressibility in spray, drying and wet granulation. When PVPP tablet disintegrating agent is added into the tablet, the hardness and abrasion resistance of the tablet will not be affected compared with the commonly used starch, cellulose preparations and pectin compounds, and the tablet cappuron will not be reduced. PVPP can also be effectively used as tablet disintegrating agent in direct compression without the use of lubricants or adhesives.

7. Capillary activity and hydration capacity

The research work shows that PVPP, as a tablet disintegrating agent, has high capillary activity and hydration capacity because of their large specific surface area (average 1.25 m2/g) and significant water absorption (high and rapid water absorption, up to more than 60%).

8. Swelling and disintegration

PVPP has high capillary activity, so it can quickly absorb water into tablets. As the internal pressure (swelling pressure) exceeds the strength of the tablet, the tablet will disintegrate instantly. And because there are folding molecular chains between crosslinks, when water or aqueous solution infiltrates, it will be stretched by sudden impact and forced to immediately separate. As a result of expansion, the net volume increases (about twice in 5 minutes), which makes the tablets prepared with PVPP tablet disintegrating agent disintegrate immediately.

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